Candida albicans (Robin) Berkhout, anamorph ATCC ® CRM-10231&trade

Permits and Restrictions	View Permits
Strain Designations	3147 [CBS 6431, CCY 29-3-106, CIP 48.72, DSM 1386, IFO 1594, NCPF 3179, NCYC 1363, NIH 3147, VTT C-85161]
Application	For use in testing and calibration in ISO 17025 accredited laboratories, to challenge assay performance, validate or compare test methods, and to establish sensitivity, linearity and specificity during assay validation or implementation. ISO Guide 34:2009 Antimicrobial effectiveness testing RefU.S. Pharmacopeia General Chapters:<51> ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTIVENESS TESTING. Rockville, MD:U.S. Pharmacopeia;USP USP34-NF29, 2011 Microbial enumeration testing RefU.S. Pharmacopeia General Chapters: <61> Microbial Examination of Nonsterile Products: Microbial Enumeration Tests. Rockville, MD USP34-NF29, 2011 testing assay of amphotericin B fungizone assay of antimicrobial preservatives assay of haloprogin assay of nystatin fungicidin media testing membrane filter testing preparatory test control produces D-arabinolactone oxidase produces DNA topoisomerase produces aspartic proteinases aspartyl proteinases produces estrogen-binding protein produces lanosterol synthase 2,3-oxidosqualene lanosterol cyclase produces phenethyl alcohol produces polyamine oxidase produces tryptophol quality control strain sterility testing testing fungicides Growth and invasiveness in mouse Steroid interference with antifungal activity Cell wall hydrophobicity enhances corticosterone incorporation. Ultraviolet microscopy Calcification Morphology and physiology of strain sectors Use of impedance for preservative efficacy testing Fungitoxicity of alcohols and fatty acids Esterase activity Lipid composition Effect of antineoplastic drugs Produces farnesoic acid, an autoregulatory substance capable of regulating morphological transition This strain is recommended by ATCC for use in the tests described in ASTM Standard Test Method E979-91 where only the taxon is specified.
Biosafety Level	1
Type Strain	no
Intended Use	Certified Reference Material produced under an ISO Guide 34:2009 accredited process.

Antigenic Properties	Serotype A RefWagner T, et al. pH-dependent denaturation of extracellular aspartic proteinases from Candida species. J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 33: 275-278, 1995. PubMed: 8531028
Preceptrol®	no
Comments	Certificates of Analysis are available electronically at www.atcc.org, or by hardcopy upon request. Certified Reference Material produced under an ISO Guide 34:2009 accredited process. For use in testing and calibration in ISO 17025 accredited laboratories, to challenge assay performance, validate or compare test methods, and to establish sensitivity, linearity and specificity during assay validation or implementation. For sterility testing, not more than five passages from the ATCC culture should be used.

Antigenic Properties

Serotype A Ref

Wagner T, et al. pH-dependent denaturation of extracellular aspartic proteinases from Candida species. J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 33: 275-278, 1995. PubMed: 8531028

Preceptrol®

no

Comments

Certificates of Analysis are available electronically at www.atcc.org, or by hardcopy upon request.

Certified Reference Material produced under an ISO Guide 34:2009 accredited process. For use in testing and calibration in ISO 17025 accredited laboratories, to challenge assay performance, validate or compare test methods, and to establish sensitivity, linearity and specificity during assay validation or implementation.

For sterility testing, not more than five passages from the ATCC culture should be used.

Medium	ATCC^® Medium 200: YM agar or YM broth ATCC^® Medium 28: Emmons' modification of Sabouraud's agar ATCC^® Medium 1245: YEPD
Growth Conditions	Temperature: 25°C Atmosphere: Typical aerobic

Name of Depositor	CW Emmons
Special Collection	ATCC
Chain of Custody	ATCC <-- CW Emmons <-- Wright
Isolation	Man with bronchomycosis
References	Lingappa BT, et al. Phenethyl alcohol and tryptophol: autoantibiotics produced by the fungus Candida albicans. Science 163: 192-194, 1969. PubMed: 5762768 Skowronski R, Feldman D. Characterization of an estrogen-binding protein in the yeast Candida albicans. Endocrinology 124: 1965-1972, 1989. PubMed: 2647470 Connolly P, et al. The use of impedance for preservative efficacy testing of pharmaceuticals and cosmetic products. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 76: 68-74, 1994. PubMed: 8144407 Klig LS, et al. Comparison of INO1 gene sequences and products in Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 10: 789-800, 1994. PubMed: 7975896 ASTM International Standard Test Method for Preservatives in Water-Containing Cosmetics. West Conshohocken, PA British Pharmacopoeia Commission Test for sterility. London, UK:British Pharmacopoeia Commission;British Pharmacopoeia Appendix XVI A, 2003 British Pharmacopoeia Commission Tests for microbial contamination. London, UK:British Pharmacopoeia Commission;British Pharmacopoeia Appendix XVI B, 2003 British Pharmacopoeia Commission Efficacy of antimicrobial preservation. London, UK:British Pharmacopoeia Commission;British Pharmacopoeia Appendix XVI C, 2003 Gershon H, Shanks L. Antifungal properties of n-alkanols, alpha, omega-n-alkanediols, and omega-chloro-alpha-alkanols. J. Pharm. Sci. 69: 381-384, 1980. PubMed: 7373528 Shen LL, et al. DNA topoisomerases from pathogenic fungi: targets for the discovery of antifungal drugs. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 36: 2778-2784, 1992. PubMed: 1336349 Wagner T, et al. pH-dependent denaturation of extracellular aspartic proteinases from Candida species. J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 33: 275-278, 1995. PubMed: 8531028 Rudek W. Esterase activity in Candida species. J. Clin. Microbiol. 8: 756-759, 1978. PubMed: 370150 Phillips AW, Balish E. Growth and invasiveness of Candida albicans in the germ-free and conventional mouse after oral challenge. Appl. Microbiol. 14: 737-741, 1966. PubMed: 5970461 Zygmunt WA, Tavormina PA. Steroid interference with antifungal activity of polyene antibiotics. Appl. Microbiol. 14: 865-869, 1966. Ghannoum MA, Al-Khars A. Effect of antineoplastic agents on the growth and ultrastructure of Candida albicans. Mykosen 27: 452-464, 1984. PubMed: 6438503 . . Dev. Ind. Microbiol. 21: 373-378, 1980. Saltarelli CG. Morphological and physiological variations between sectors isolated from giant colonies of Candida albicans and C. stellatoidea. Mycopathol. Mycol. Appl. 34: 209-220, 1968. Braun PC. Surface hydrophobicity enhances corticosterone incorporation in Candida albicans. Infect. Immun. 62: 4087-4090, 1994. PubMed: 8063431 Balish E, Svihla G. Ultraviolet microscopy of Candida albicans. J. Bacteriol. 92: 1812-1820, 1966. PubMed: 5958110 Balliano G, et al. Inhibition of sterol biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans by 22,23-epoxy-2-aza-2,3-dihydrosqualene and the corresponding N-oxide. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 38: 1904-1908, 1994. PubMed: 7810997 Huh WK, et al. Characterisation of D-arabinono-1,4-lactone oxidase from Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Eur. J. Biochem. 225: 1073-1079, 1994. PubMed: 7957197 Ennever J, Summers FE. Calcification by Candida albicans. J. Bacteriol. 122: 1391-1393, 1975. PubMed: 238948 Lerner CG, Goldman RC. Stimuli that induce production of Candida albicans extracellular aspartyl proteinase. J. Gen. Microbiol. 139: 1643-1651, 1993. PubMed: 7690395 European Pharmacopoeia Commission Microbial contamination of products not required to comply with the test for sterility (total viable aerobic count). Strasbourg, France:European Pharmacopoeia Commission;European Pharmacopoeia EP 2.6.12, 1997 European Pharmacopoeia Commission Efficacy of antimicrobial preservation. Strasbourg, France:European Pharmacopoeia Commission;European Pharmacopoeia EP 5.1.3, 1997 US Food & Drug Administration. GENERAL BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS STANDARDS; General Provisions; Sterility Code of Federal Regulations Title 21: 21CFR610.12, Subpart B, 2005 U.S. Pharmacopeia General Chapters:<51> ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTIVENESS TESTING. Rockville, MD:U.S. Pharmacopeia;USP USP34-NF29, 2011 U.S. Pharmacopeia General Chapters: <71> STERILITY TESTS. Rockville, MD:U.S. Pharmacopeia;USP USP34-NF29, 2011 U.S. Pharmacopeia Dietary Supplement Chapters: <2021> Microbial Enumeration Tests-Nutritional and Dietary Supplements. Rockville, MD: U.S. Pharmacopeia; USP USP34-NF29, 2011 Kondoh O, et al. Cloning of the RHO1 gene from Candida albicans and its regulation of beta-1,3-glucan synthesis. J. Bacteriol. 179: 7734-7741, 1997. PubMed: 9401032 Huh WK, Kang SO. Molecular cloning and functional expression of alternative oxidase from Candida albicans. J. Bacteriol. 181: 4098-4102, 1999. PubMed: 10383980 Oh KB, et al. Purification and characterization of an autoregulatory substance capable of regulating the morphological transition in Candida albicans. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 4664-4668, 2001. PubMed: 11274356 Isobe K, et al. Differential determination procedure for putrescine, spermidine and spermine with polyamine oxidase from fungi and putrescine oxidase. Agric. Biol. Chem. 45: 727-733, 1981. Yamada H, et al. Oxidation of polyamines by fungal enzymes. Agric. Biol. Chem. 44: 2469-2476, 1980. Bowman FW, et al. Collaborative study of aerobic media for sterility testing by membrane filtration. J. Pharm. Sci. 60: 1087-1088, 1971. PubMed: 5000479 Harrison EF, Zygmunt WA. Haloprogin: Mode of action studies in Candida albicans. Can. J. Microbiol. 20: 1241-1245, 1974. PubMed: 4608935 YT MicroPlate QC Set. Biolog. Supplemental assay method for testing for preservative interference with sterility tests. :US Department of Agriculture;USDA, Center for Veterinary Biologics STSAM0903.01, 1999 Efficacy of Preservation on Non-Eye Area Water-Miscible Cosmetic and Toiletry Formaulations. Gaithersburg, MD:AOAC International;AOAC "Official Methods of Analysis of the AOAC International" 998.10. Microbial limit test for crude drugs. Tokyo, Japan:Japanese Pharmacopoeia;JP JP14e.part I.36. Sterility test, Growth promotion test. Tokyo, Japan:Japanese Pharmacopoeia;JP JP14e.part I.54. Preservatives-effectiveness test. Tokyo, Japan:Japanese Pharmacopoeia;JP JP14e.part II.12. Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs--Guidelines on preparation and production of culture media-- Part 2: Practical guidelines on performance testing of culture media.. Geneva (Switzerland):International Organization for Standardization/ANSI;ISO ISO 11133-2:2003. Ophthalmic optics--Contact lens care products--Microbiological requirements and test methods for products and regimens for hygienic management of contact lenses. Geneva (Switzerland):International Organization for Standardization/ANSI;ISO ISO 14729:2001. Ophthalmic optics--Contact lens care products--Antimicrobial preservative efficacy testing and guidance on determining discard date. Geneva (Switzerland):International Organization for Standardization/ANSI;ISO ISO 14730:2000. Medical microbiology -- Culture media -- Part 2: Ready-to-use blood culture systems. Berlin, Germany:Deutsches Institut fur Normung;DIN DIN 58942-2: 2004, 2004 Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics -- Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of fungicidal activity of chemical disinfectants and antiseptics used in food, industrial, domestic and institutional areas -- Test method and requirements (phase 2, step 1). London, UK:British Standards Institution;British Standard BS EN 1650:1998. Standard Test Method for Confirming the Sterility of Membrane Filters. West Conshohocken, PA:ASTM International;ASTM Standard Test Method D 4196-05. Standard Test Method for Efficacy of Fungal Control Agents as Preservatives for Aqueous-Based Products Used in the Paper Industry. West Conshohocken, PA:ASTM International;ASTM Standard Test Method E 0875-00 (Reapproved 2005). Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics - Preservation of test organisms used for the determination of bactericidal, sporicidal and fungicidal activity. London, UK:British Standards Institution;British Standard BS EN 12353:2006. Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics --- Quantitative non-porous surface test for the evaluation of bactericidal and/or fungicidal activity of chemical disinfectants used in food, industrial, domestic and institutional areas --- Test method and requirements without mechanical action (phase 2/step 2). London, UK:British Standards Institution;British Standard BS EN 13697:2001. Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics --- Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of fungicidal activity of chemical disinfectants for instruments used in the medical area --- Test method and requirements (phase 2, step 1). London, UK:British Standards Institution;British Standard BS EN 13624:2003. Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics --- Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of basic fungicidal or basic yeasticidal activity of chemical disinfectants and antiseptics --- Test method and requirements (phase 1). London, UK:British Standards Institution;British Standard BS EN 1275:2005. Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics --- Quantitative carrier test for the evaluation of fungicidal or yeasticidal activity for instruments used in the medical area --- Test method and requirements (phase 2, step 2). London, UK:British Standards Institution;British Standard BS EN 14562:2006. Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics --- Quantitative suspension test for the evaluation of fungicidal or yeasticidal activity of chemical disinfectants and antiseptics used in the veterinary area --- Test method and requirements (phase 2, step 1). London, UK:British Standards Institution;British Standard BS EN 1657:2005. Chemical disinfectants and antiseptics --- Application of European Standards for chemical disinfectants and antiseptics. London, UK:British Standards Institution;British Standard BS EN 14885:2006. Cosmetics --- Microbiology --- Enumeration of yeast and mould. London, UK:British Standards Institution;British Standard Draft ISO 16212:2007. Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs --- Guidelines on preparation and production of culture media --- Part 2: Practical guidelines on performance testing of culture media - Annex B: Recommended test microorganisms for commonly used culture media. London, UK:British Standards Institution;British Standard DD CEN ISO/TS 11133:2003. U.S. Pharmacopeia General Chapters: <61> Microbial Examination of Nonsterile Products: Microbial Enumeration Tests. Rockville, MD USP34-NF29, 2011 Wagner T, et al. pH-dependent denaturation of extracellular aspartic proteinases from Candida species. J. Med. Vet. Mycol. 33: 275-278, 1995. PubMed: 8531028

Permits	These permits may be required for shipping this product: Customers located in the state of Hawaii will need to contact the Hawaii Department of Agriculture to determine if an Import Permit is required. A copy of the permit or documentation that a permit is not required must be sent to ATCC in advance of shipment.
Basic Documentation	Product Sheet Certificate of Analysis MSDS
Other Documentation	CRM Strain Listing

Candida albicans (Robin) Berkhout, anamorph (ATCC® CRM-10231™)

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Candida albicans (Robin) Berkhout, anamorph (ATCC^® CRM-10231^™)