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THLE-3

CRL-3583

THLE-3 is an epithelial cell isolated from the left lobe of a donor. This cell line was deposited by National Cancer Institute and be used in toxicology research. This product is an ATCC manufactured and accessioned progeny of ATCC CRL-11233 cited in US Pat. No. 5,506,131.
Product category
Human cells
Organism
Homo sapiens, human
Cell type
epithelial cell
Morphology
Epithelial
Tissue
Liver; Left lobe
Disease
Normal
Applications
Cancer research
High-throughput screening
Toxicology
Product format
Frozen
Storage conditions
Vapor phase of liquid nitrogen
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Documentation

ATCC determines the biosafety level of a material based on our risk assessment as guided by the current edition of Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. It is your responsibility to understand the hazards associated with the material per your organization’s policies and procedures as well as any other applicable regulations as enforced by your local or national agencies.

Cells contain SV40 sequences

ATCC highly recommends that appropriate personal protective equipment is always used when handling vials. For cultures that require storage in liquid nitrogen, it is important to note that some vials may leak when submersed in liquid nitrogen and will slowly fill with liquid nitrogen. Upon thawing, the conversion of the liquid nitrogen back to its gas phase may result in the vial exploding or blowing off its cap with dangerous force creating flying debris. Unless necessary, ATCC recommends that these cultures be stored in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen rather than submersed in liquid nitrogen.

Required Products

These products are vital for the proper use of this item and have been confirmed as effective in supporting functionality. If you use alternative products, the quality and effectiveness of the item may be affected.

Detailed product information

General

Specific applications
These immortalized human liver cells constitute an in vitro model for pharmacotoxicological studies and for the investigation of etiology and pathogenesis of human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Characteristics

Growth properties
Adherent
Age
adult
Immortalization method
SV40 large T antigen transformed
Tumorigenic
No;
No, in nude mice
Genes expressed
cytokeratin 18; albumin; higher-passage cells in logarithmic-phase growth: cytokeratin 19
Comments

The virus was generated by introducing a retroviral vector containing the of Bgl I-Hpa I fragment of SV40 T antigen into the amphotropic packaging cell line PA317.

THLE-2 and THLE-3 cells express phenotypic characteristics of normal adult liver epithelial cells. They are nontumorigenic when injected into athymic nude mice, have near-diploid karyotypes, and do not express alpha-fetoprotein.

THLE-2 and THLE-3 cells metabolize benzo[a]pyrene, N-nitrosodimethylamine, and aflatoxin B1 to their ultimate carcinogenic metabolites that adduct DNA, which indicates functional cytochrome P450 pathways.

Other enzymes involved in metabolism of chemical carcinogens, such as epoxide hydrolase, NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferases, and glutathione peroxidase are also retained by THLE cells.

A culture submitted to the ATCC in January of 1993 was found to be contaminated with mycoplasma. Progeny were cured by a 21-day treatment with mycoplasma removal agent (MRA).

The cells were assayed for mycoplasma, by the Hoechst stain, PCR and the standard culture test, after a six-week period following treatment. All tests were negative.

Handling information

Unpacking and storage instructions
  1. Check all containers for leakage or breakage.
  2. Remove the frozen cells from the dry ice packaging and immediately place the cells at a temperature below ­-130°C, preferably in liquid nitrogen vapor, until ready for use.
Complete medium
BEGM from Lonza/Clonetics Corporation, Walkersville, MD 21793 (BEGM Bullet Kit; CC3170). The kit includes 500 mL basal medium and separate frozen additives from which we discard the gentamycin/ Amphotericin (GA) and Epinephrine and to which we add extra 5 ng/mL EGF, 70 ng/mL Phosphoethanolamine and 10% fetal bovine serum.
Temperature
37°C
Atmosphere
95% Air, 5% CO2
Handling procedure

To insure the highest level of viability, thaw the vial and initiate the culture as soon as possible upon receipt. If upon arrival, continued storage of the frozen culture is necessary, it should be stored in liquid nitrogen vapor phase and not at -70°C.  Storage at -70°C will result in loss of viability.

  1. Thaw the vial by gentle agitation in a 37°C water bath. To reduce the possibility of contamination, keep the O-ring and cap out of the water.  Thawing should be rapid (approximately 2 minutes).
  2. Remove the vial from the water bath as soon as the contents are thawed, and decontaminate by dipping in or spraying with 70% ethanol. All of the operations from this point on should be carried out under strict aseptic conditions.
  3. Transfer the vial contents to a centrifuge tube containing  9.0 mL complete growth medium and spin at approximately 125 x g for 5 to 7 minutes.
  4. Resuspend cell pellet with the recommended complete growth medium .Transfer the cell pellet to an appropriate size vessel precoated with a mixture of 0.01 mg/mL fibronectin, 0.03 mg/mL bovine collagen type I and 0.01 mg/mL bovine serum albumin.
  5. Incubate the culture at 37°C in a suitable incubator.  A 5% CO2 in air atmosphere is recommended if using the medium described on this product sheet.
Subculturing procedure

Volumes used in this protocol are for 75 cm2 flask; proportionally reduce or increase amount of dissociation medium for culture vessels of other sizes.

The flasks used should be precoated with a mixture of 0.01 mg/ml fibronectin, 0.03 mg/ml bovine collagen type I  and 0.01 mg/ml bovine serum albumin dissolved in BEBM medium. 

  1. Remove and discard culture medium.
  2. Briefly rinse the cell layer with 0.05% (w/v) Trypsin-53mM EDTA solution (GIBCO cat# 25300-054) to remove all traces of serum which contains trypsin inhibitor.
  3. Add 2.0 to 3.0 ml of Trypsin-EDTA solution to flask and observe cells under an inverted microscope until cell layer is dispersed (usually with 5 to 15 minutes). Note: To avoid clumping do not agitate the cells by hitting or shaking the flask while waiting for the cells to detach.  Cells that are difficult to detach may be placed at 37°C to facilitate dispersal.
  4. Add 0.1% Soybean Trypsin inhibitor  and aspirate cells by gently pipetting. 
  5. To remove trypsin-EDTA solution, transfer cell suspension to centrifuge tube and spin at approximately 125 x g for 5 to 10 minutes.
  6. Discard supernatant and resuspend cells in fresh growth medium.  Add appropriate aliquots of cell suspension to new coated culture vessels. 
  7. Place culture vessels in incubators at 37°C.
Subcultivation Ratio: A subcultivation ratio of 1:3 to 1:6 is recommended
Medium Renewal: Every 2 to 3 days

Flask Coating
 
  1. Prepare a mixture of 0.01 mg/mL fibronectin, 0.03 mg/mL bovine collagen type I and 0.01 mg/mL bovine serum albumin (BSA) dissolved in culture medium. Store pre-prepared Coating Solution at 4°C in cold room for up to 3 months. 
  2. For a growth area of 75 cm2, add 4.5 mL of the fibronectin/collagen/BSA solution and rock gently to coat the entire surface. 
  3. Incubate the freshly coated vessel(s) in a 37°C incubator overnight (it is preferable to use tissue culture vessels with tightened, plug-seal caps to prevent evaporation during the coating process).
  4. Store coated flasks with solution at room temperature, light protected, up to 1 month. Suction off solution before plating cells.
Reagents for cryopreservation
Complete growth medium supplemented with 5% (v/v) DMSO (ATCC 4-X)

Quality control specifications

Mycoplasma contamination
Not detected
STR profiling
Amelogenin: X
CSF1PO: 11, 12
D13S317: 13
D16S539: 11, 12
D5S818: 13
D7S820: 8, 10
THO1: 8, 9.3
TPOX: 6, 9
vWA: 17, 18

History

Depositors
National Cancer Institute

Legal disclaimers

Intended use
This product is intended for laboratory research use only. It is not intended for any animal or human therapeutic use, any human or animal consumption, or any diagnostic use.
Warranty

The product is provided 'AS IS' and the viability of ATCC® products is warranted for 30 days from the date of shipment, provided that the customer has stored and handled the product according to the information included on the product information sheet, website, and Certificate of Analysis. For living cultures, ATCC lists the media formulation and reagents that have been found to be effective for the product. While other unspecified media and reagents may also produce satisfactory results, a change in the ATCC and/or depositor-recommended protocols may affect the recovery, growth, and/or function of the product. If an alternative medium formulation or reagent is used, the ATCC warranty for viability is no longer valid.  Except as expressly set forth herein, no other warranties of any kind are provided, express or implied, including, but not limited to, any implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, manufacture according to cGMP standards, typicality, safety, accuracy, and/or noninfringement.

Disclaimers

This product is intended for laboratory research use only. It is not intended for any animal or human therapeutic use, any human or animal consumption, or any diagnostic use. Any proposed commercial use is prohibited without a license from ATCC.

While ATCC uses reasonable efforts to include accurate and up-to-date information on this product sheet, ATCC makes no warranties or representations as to its accuracy. Citations from scientific literature and patents are provided for informational purposes only. ATCC does not warrant that such information has been confirmed to be accurate or complete and the customer bears the sole responsibility of confirming the accuracy and completeness of any such information.

This product is sent on the condition that the customer is responsible for and assumes all risk and responsibility in connection with the receipt, handling, storage, disposal, and use of the ATCC product including without limitation taking all appropriate safety and handling precautions to minimize health or environmental risk. As a condition of receiving the material, the customer agrees that any activity undertaken with the ATCC product and any progeny or modifications will be conducted in compliance with all applicable laws, regulations, and guidelines. This product is provided 'AS IS' with no representations or warranties whatsoever except as expressly set forth herein and in no event shall ATCC, its parents, subsidiaries, directors, officers, agents, employees, assigns, successors, and affiliates be liable for indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any kind in connection with or arising out of the customer's use of the product. While reasonable effort is made to ensure authenticity and reliability of materials on deposit, ATCC is not liable for damages arising from the misidentification or misrepresentation of such materials.

Please see the material transfer agreement (MTA) for further details regarding the use of this product. The MTA is available at www.atcc.org.

Frequently Asked Questions

References

Curated Citations

Harris CC, et al. Human liver epithelial cells. US Patent 5,759,765 dated Jun 2 1998

Pfeifer AM, et al. Simian virus 40 large tumor antigen-immortalized normal human liver epithelial cells express hepatocyte characteristics and metabolize chemical carcinogens. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90: 5123-5127, 1993. PubMed: 7685115

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